Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-02-26 Origin: Site
Classification | Technology Type | Specific Content |
Charging Technology | AC charging | The power is generally less than 22kW, and the charging time is long. It is suitable for homes, commercial parking lots and other places to meet daily long-term charging needs, such as slow charging at home at night. |
DC charging | The power is usually more than 22kW. 60kW - 240kW is a fast charging pile, and 250kW and above is a super charging pile, which can replenish a large amount of electricity in a short time and is often used in highway service areas, fast charging stations, etc. | |
Wireless charging | Electromagnetic induction technology is more mature and has higher transmission efficiency; magnetic resonance technology has a longer transmission distance and can charge multiple devices at the same time, but it is more expensive and is still in the development stage. | |
Communications Technology | Wireless Communications | Utilize 4G and 5G networks to achieve fast data transmission for remote monitoring, scheduling and management; NB-IoT technology can also be used, which has low power consumption and wide coverage, and is suitable for devices that do not require high data transmission rates. |
Wired Communications | Ethernet has fast transmission speed and strong anti-interference ability, and is often used for fixed connection between charging piles and background management systems; RS485 bus has low cost and long communication distance, and is suitable for communication between modules inside charging piles. | |
Battery Management Technology | Battery Energy Management | Through the battery energy management system, the battery charging and discharging is precisely controlled, the energy is reasonably dispatched, and the battery is ensured to operate within a safe voltage, current and temperature range, thus improving the battery efficiency and life. |
Battery Thermal Management | Use a liquid cooling system to circulate coolant to remove heat from the battery; or use heat pipe technology to quickly dissipate battery heat using the principle of phase change heat transfer of the working fluid to ensure that the battery operates at an appropriate temperature. | |
Energy storage and management technology | Photovoltaic storage and charging integration | Integrate photovoltaic power generation, energy storage batteries and charging piles, use photovoltaic power generation to power charging piles, and use energy storage batteries to adjust grid load and store excess electricity, so as to achieve efficient energy utilization and energy conservation and emission reduction. |
V2G Technology | Vehicle-to-grid technology enables electric vehicles to charge when the grid load is low and discharge to the grid during peak hours, participating in grid peak load regulation and frequency modulation to improve energy efficiency |
（1）Domestic technical standards
Business / Organization | Relevant standards or requirements | Specific Content |
State Grid | Technical requirements - Charging station design | Adopt advanced charging technology, support fast charging and slow charging |
State Grid | Technical Requirements - Security | It has strict safety protection measures such as lightning protection, grounding protection, electrical protection, etc., and is equipped with an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the operating status and current, voltage and other parameters in real time. |
Beijing Energy New Energy | Participate in the formulation of the national standard GB/T 27930.2—2024 | For the first time, the communication protocol architecture supporting the GB/T 20234.3 DC charging interface is systematically defined, covering the full stack technical specifications of the physical layer, data link layer, transport layer and application layer, and proposing key technologies such as functional modular design and version negotiation mechanism. |
Beijing Energy New Energy | Participate in the formulation of the national standard GB/T18487.5—2024 | It specifies in detail the general requirements, control pilot circuit, charging control process, etc. of the DC charging system for electric vehicles for the GB/T20234.3 DC charging interface. |
Zhejiang Hongzhou New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. | T/ZZB 2263—2021 | Technical requirements for non-polarity DC relays for charging piles. |
（2）International technical standards
Standard No. | Standard Name | Publishing Agency | Main content | Scope of application |
China National Standard GB/T | / | china | Regulations on basic performance requirements, test methods, safety specifications, software evaluation, etc. for charging piles | china |
CCS1 American Standard (combo/Type 1) | Combined Charging System Standard (derived from the SAE standard of the American Society of Automotive Engineers and the ACEA standard of the European Automobile Manufacturers Association) | The United States and countries adopting U.S. standards | Integrate normal charging and fast charging into one plug and socket, using single-phase, three-phase AC and DC | The United States, South Korea, Singapore, India, Russia and other countries that adopt US and EU standards |
CCS2 European Standard (combo/Type 2） | Combined Charging System Standard (derived from the SAE standard of the American Society of Automotive Engineers and the ACEA standard of the European Automobile Manufacturers Association) | EU and countries adopting EU standards | Integrate normal charging and fast charging into one plug and socket, using single-phase, three-phase AC and DC | EU countries and countries adopting EU standards |
Japanese Standard CHAdeMO | / | Japan Electric Vehicle Association and Japan Electric Vehicle Charging Association | For high-power fast charging | Japan and some promotion areas |
Classification | Specific projects | Cause | Influence | Solution | Test level |
EMI | Conducted interference | The working current fluctuation of the charging pile generates harmonics, which are transmitted to the power grid through the power line. | Affect other equipment in the power grid, such as causing precision electronic equipment to work abnormally | Install a suitable filter such as a low-pass filter at the power input | - |
EMS | Electrostatic discharge immunity | Static electricity discharge is generated when people plug and unplug charging guns | It may cause the charging pile to freeze, data errors, etc. | ESD or TVS for interface | Contact discharge ±4kV, air discharge ±8kV |
EMS | Electrical fast transient burst immunity | The fast transient pulse group generated by the grid switch action and lightning strikes impacts the charging pile | Causes the charging station to malfunction | EMI beads or common mode coils | ±2kV |
EMS | Surge immunity | Lightning strikes and power grid switching trigger surges, generating instantaneous high voltage and high current | Possible damage to the charging station | Varistor + GDT Consider withstand voltage and insulation resistance to ground | Surge voltage Line-to-line ±1kV Line-to-ground ±2kV |
Charging gun
Control Module
Display screen
Power Module
Communication Module
（1）Charging gun problem pain points and solutions
Question Type | Specific problem manifestation | Influence | Solution |
Conducted emissions | The charging gun cable transmits high-frequency interference signals, affecting other devices in the power grid | Causes grid voltage fluctuations, harmonic pollution, and interferes with the normal operation of other electrical equipment | A filter consisting of a common-mode inductor and X and Y capacitors is installed at the charging gun plug to suppress the conduction of high-frequency interference signals. |
Electrostatic Discharge | Electrostatic discharge occurs when plugging and unplugging the charging gun | The electronic components inside the charging gun may be damaged, causing abnormal charging. | Add an electrostatic discharge circuit and design a grounding connection point on the charging gun housing to ensure that static electricity can be introduced to the ground in a timely manner; at the same time, add electrostatic protection TVS devices in the internal circuit |
Surge Lightning | Suffering from surge shocks caused by lightning strikes or grid switching operations | Damage to the power devices and circuits inside the charging gun | Install surge protectors, such as gas discharge tubes and varistors, to clamp and discharge surge voltages and protect internal circuits. |
（2）Control module problem pain points and solutions
Problem pain points | Electrical Characterization | Solution |
Poor stability, prone to freezing and restarting | Cause data loss and affect the normal operation of the system | Strengthen software testing, fix potential vulnerabilities, and increase hardware protection measures |
Incompatible module or device | Limit system integration and expansion, and fail to achieve expected functions | Conduct comprehensive compatibility testing; develop common interfaces to improve compatibility |
Available products: Zener diodes
Problem pain points | Influence | Solution |
| Slow response time | Causes system operation delays and affects work efficiency | Optimize algorithms; upgrade hardware to improve processor performance |
Available products: Diodes
（3）Display screen problem pain points and solutions
Problem pain points | Cause | Solution |
The screen flickers and the EFT test fails | Unstable power supply, improper refresh rate setting | Check power connection and adapter; reset to appropriate refresh rate |
Recommended products: PPTC, common mode inductors, power inductors, diodes, etc.
（4）Power module problem pain points and solutions
Problem pain points | Cause | Solution |
Poor stability | Affected by external interference and power fluctuations | Add filter circuit and use voltage stabilizing chip |
Charging station not working | Thunder and rain, spring and summer are particularly prone to on-site problems, and the number of machines to be repaired increases | Add lightning protection circuit and lightning protection module |
Available products: transformers, varistors, common mode inductors, TVS, etc.
Problem pain points | Cause | Solution |
Low conversion efficiency | Unreasonable circuit design and poor component performance | Optimize circuit design and select high-performance components |
Severe fever | Large power loss and insufficient heat dissipation design | Improve heat dissipation structure and use heat dissipation materials |
（5）Communication module problem pain points and solutions
Problem pain points | Cause | Solution |
Poor compatibility | The communication protocols of different devices are inconsistent, data packets are dropped, and communication fails; The interface chip is burned out | Develop conversion interfaces compatible with multiple protocols and unify communication standards Add protection to communication protocol I/O ports |
Excessive power consumption | Backward chip technology and unreasonable circuit design | Use low-power chips and optimize circuit design |
CAN bus solution
