How to avoid crosstalk between multiple communication interfaces of a concentrator?

When a concentrator integrates multiple communication interfaces (such as RS485, Ethernet, and carrier waves), crosstalk may occur between the interfaces through space or power supply. Avoiding crosstalk requires addressing spatial isolation, frequency planning, and power supply partitioning. Spatially, during PCB layout, the transceiver circuits and connectors of different interfaces should be physically separated, isolated by a ground plane or shielding.

Frequency planning: The operating frequencies of potential interference sources (such as carrier wave transmission) should be staggered from the operating frequencies and harmonics of sensitive interfaces (such as wireless reception).

Power supply partitioning: Independent power rails should be provided for different interface circuits, isolated using ferrite beads (such as PBZ1608E600Z0T).

Grounding: Star grounding or zoned grounding should be used to reduce common impedance.

Cable management: Cables for different interfaces should be laid in separate channels within the cabinet.

Through comprehensive design, crosstalk between interfaces can be suppressed to below -60dB.