What impact does the multi-axis linkage of the motion controller MC have on EMC?

When a motion controller (MC) operates with multiple axes in simultaneous motion, the EMC environment becomes more complex. Multiple motor drivers working simultaneously may cause their PWM carriers to overlap, increasing common-mode noise current on the power lines. The motor cables of each axis may be close together, generating magnetic field coupling. Intertwined ground current paths may lead to increased ground noise. The multi-axis synchronous communication bus is under increased load and is more susceptible to interference. These factors may cause problems such as excessive conducted emissions, encoder interference, and communication interruptions during multi-axis operation, even if the single-axis test passes.

Countermeasures include: staggering the PWM carrier phases of each axis; configuring independent input filters for each axis driver; rationally planning the routing of motor cables to avoid bundling; optimizing system grounding, using star grounding to reduce mutual interference; and strengthening the anti-interference design of the synchronous bus. During testing, EMC testing under full-load multi-axis operation must be performed to simulate the most severe conditions and ensure that the overall EMC performance of the system meets standards.