Where are the weaknesses of the radiation immunity (RS) of the PCS in an energy storage system?

In Radiated Immunity (RS, such as IEC 61000-4-3) tests, the weaknesses of PCS systems are typically those "antenna" structures capable of receiving radio frequency energy, and internal circuitry sensitive to high-frequency interference. Key weaknesses include:

1. External cables: Unshielded or poorly shielded input/output cables are the most effective receiving antennas.

2. Rack openings and gaps: Ventilation vents, display windows, button openings, panel seams, etc., allow electromagnetic waves to couple directly in.

3. Long internal conductors or unshielded PCB traces: Especially reset lines, clock lines, analog sampling lines, etc., forming secondary antennas inside the chassis.

4. Racks with poor shielding effectiveness.

5. Unprotected circuitry sensitive to high-frequency interference: such as high-gain operational amplifiers, ADC reference sources, and crystal oscillator circuits. Improvement strategies focus on shielding, filtering, and circuit reinforcement targeting these weaknesses. For example, strengthening cable and rack shielding, and locally shielding or adding filtering to sensitive circuits.