How to choose between single-point grounding and multi-point grounding for PCS in an energy storage system?

In a PCS (Precision Circuit System), the choice between single-point grounding and multi-point grounding depends on the signal frequency and system architecture. Single-point grounding is suitable for low-frequency (typically <1MHz) circuits, where all circuit grounds are connected to a single common point, effectively avoiding ground loops and common impedance coupling. This is commonly seen in analog control boards and sampling circuits. Multi-point grounding is suitable for high-frequency (>10MHz) circuits, where the circuit ground is connected to a low-impedance ground plane (such as a metal chassis or a complete ground plane) with the shortest possible distance. This provides minimal inductive loops for high-frequency noise currents and suppresses radiation caused by high-frequency impedance of the ground wire. In mixed-frequency systems like PCS, a hybrid grounding approach is often used: single-point grounding for low-frequency components and multi-point grounding for high-frequency components, with both connected at a single point via a "bridge" or filter (such as a ferrite bead) to block high-frequency noise crosstalk.