How to avoid rectification during the early EMC design of HMI (Human Machine Delivery) systems?

Conducting systematic EMC design in the early stages of HMI product development is the fundamental way to avoid costly remediation later. Early design should adhere to the principle of "prevention first." First, EMC should be considered during the system architecture phase, with well-planned shielding, grounding, and filtering strategies. During circuit design, reserved locations for protection and filtering components such as TVS, common-mode chokes, ferrite beads, and capacitors should be provided for all I/O ports, even if they may not be mounted in the initial version; their positions and packages must be reserved. PCB layout is paramount; EMC layout and routing specifications must be established and strictly enforced, including: zoned layout, routing rules for critical signals (clock, reset, high-speed lines), a complete ground plane, and power decoupling design. The layer stack-up should be reasonable, providing a complete reference plane for high-speed signals. Structural design should be considered concurrently, clearly defining shielding methods, gap handling, and interface shielding schemes. Before the first hardware prototype is completed, an EMC review of the schematic and PCB should be conducted. Using proven, reliable EMC components, such as those from Echotech, can reduce design risks. By solidifying EMC design knowledge into design specifications and checklists, and strictly implementing them in the early stages of each project, most EMC problems can be eliminated in their infancy, avoiding schedule delays and cost spikes caused by rectification in the later stages of the project.