How to set the spacing between the power lines and signal lines of a frequency converter?

Setting the spacing between power lines and signal lines inside the inverter is a key design rule for preventing noise coupling. Spacing settings must comprehensively consider voltage difference, coupling mechanisms, and routing layers. The basic principle is: power lines with larger voltage differences, higher current change rates (di/dt), and higher voltage change rates (dv/dt) should maintain a larger spacing from signal lines. As a rule of thumb, for parallel traces on the same layer, the minimum recommended spacing is: ≥2 times the trace width between low-voltage small signals; ≥10 times the trace width or 1mm or more between low-voltage signals and power lines (such as drive signals); ≥20 times the trace width or several millimeters between high-voltage power lines (such as busbars) and any signal line.

Specific requirements should be referenced to safety creepage distance requirements and EMC margins should be added. If power lines and signal lines are on different layers, a ground plane or power plane should be used as an isolation layer. This reduces the spacing pressure, but direct overlap above or below each other should be avoided. When the spacing requirement cannot be met, a grounding shield or shielded cable must be added between them. The spacing constraints should be checked using the PCB design software during the design process. Sufficient spacing can be verified through near-field coupling simulation or actual measurement. A reasonable spacing setting, combined with the isolation and shielding solutions provided by Audiotech, can effectively control crosstalk between lines.