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How to Solve Data Transmission Errors in Communication Cables in PLC Industrial Control EMS?

Source:Yint Time:2025-09-16 Views:543
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PLC工业控制EMS中,通信电缆受到电磁干扰导致数据传输错误,如何通过增加屏蔽和调整通信协议来解决问题?(笔记)PLC 特殊环境图 (1).png

通信电缆(如RS485、工业以太网)受干扰导致数据错误,需通过屏蔽增强物理抗干扰能力,结合协议优化提升容错性

措施一: 屏蔽增强

    电缆选型与屏蔽层处理

 选用双层屏蔽电缆(内层铝箔 + 外层编织网),内层屏蔽单端接地(接 PLC 侧地),外层屏蔽两端接地(接 PLC 地和从机地),适用于高频干扰(如射频干扰)

电缆穿金属管铺设,金属管与设备接地连接,形成二次屏蔽;避免与动力电缆平行,交叉角度≥90°,间距≥50cm

    连接器屏蔽

通信连接器(如 DB9RJ45)采用金属外壳,外壳与电缆屏蔽层及设备外壳可靠连接(通过螺丝或导电胶)

措施二:通信协议调整

    增加校验机制:从简单校验(如奇偶校验)升级为强校验(如CRC16MD5),确保接收端能识别错误数据

    重传与超时机制:协议中加入重传逻辑(如连续 2 次接收失败则请求重传),设置合理超时时间(如根据传输距离设 50~100ms),避免死等

       降低波特率与缩短帧长:高波特率抗干扰差,可降至原波特率的 1/2(如从 1Mbps 降至 500kbps);减少单帧数据量(如从 256 字节减至 64 字节),降低单次传输被干扰的概率

PLC 特殊环境图.png

案例:

https://www.yint.com.cn/solution/newpath17376995399036/index.html