How to select the TVS diode for the concentrator interface?

When selecting TVS diodes for each interface of the concentrator, key parameters must be determined based on the operating voltage, signal type, and test level of the protected circuit. Determine the TVS's turn-off voltage (VRWM): VRWM should be slightly higher than the maximum normal operating voltage of the protected line; for example, an SMBJ5.0CA diode can be selected for a 5V circuit. Determine the clamping voltage (VC): Under the maximum peak pulse current (Ipp), VC should be lower than the maximum withstand voltage of the protected device. Determine the required Ipp value according to the test standard (e.g., IEC 61000-4-5) and select a TVS model that meets that Ipp requirement. For bidirectional interference (e.g., AC lines), select a bidirectional TVS (CA suffix); for DC lines, a unidirectional TVS (A suffix) is sufficient. Consider the junction capacitance (Cj): High-speed signal lines should use low-capacitance TVS diodes (e.g., ESD5V0D3B, Cj < 50pF). The package must be suitable for the PCB layout and power consumption requirements. A correctly selected TVS can reliably protect the interface.