How do power line harmonics affect the power line carrier in a power line carrier PLC?

The impact of power line harmonics on power line carrier PLCs mainly manifests as interference with the carrier signal and a reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio. Harmonic frequencies may overlap with the carrier frequency or generate intermodulation interference, leading to an increase in the bit error rate (BER). Solutions include: deploying band-stop filters at the carrier coupling point to suppress specific harmonic frequencies; employing adaptive frequency selection techniques to avoid harmonic-intensive frequency bands; and using digital signal processing algorithms, such as adaptive filtering, to cancel harmonic interference in real time. Monitoring the power line harmonic distribution using a spectrum analyzer can also optimize the carrier frequency. In actual testing, on power lines with a harmonic distortion rate (THD) ≤ 8%, the BER of carrier communication should be below 10^-5. Mitigating the impact of harmonics can improve communication stability by 20%.