
To ensure clean audio output from the audiometer, EMC design must focus on power and signal paths. Linear power supplies or low-noise LDOs powering the audio amplifier can have ferrite beads (PBZ series) added for filtering at their inputs. Cables from the audio output to the headphones or bone conduction transducers should be as short as possible, or shielded cables should be used. Near the headphone jack, signal lines can be connected in series with small ferrite beads or in parallel with small capacitors to ground to filter out radio frequency interference. Power isolation should be provided between the digital control section (e.g., MCU) and the analog section within the device, or an isolated power supply module should be used. Digital I/O ports can be connected in series with resistors and ESD protection diodes (e.g., ESD5V0D3).